Blast from the past can give you a jolt

Older stage lighting instruments can be quaint, still functional, and educational, however you can run the risk of electrocution and asbestos exposure with many of them.

Classic Century LekoLite

The common hazards with many older lights is that they were only equipped with two power wires and no safety ground conductor.  To further compound the hazard, the connector on the end of the power cord may predate the evolution of polarized grounded connectors.

Polarized Grounded Stage Pin connector (left) and Unpolarized Ungrounded Stage Pin connector (right)

The result is that the lamp socket can have either the outer contact shell or the central contact pin connected to either the hot (live) conductor or the neutral conductor.  As you can see, the two-pin type plus is reversible.


Should you attempt to open the lamp housing while the light is plugged-in, you could potentially expose yourself to lethal voltages. HUGE NOTE:  ALWAYS UNPLUG A DEVICE BEFORE YOU ATTEMPT TO OPEN IT UP OR CHANGE A LAMP.  There are numerous reasons for this:  If the lamp globe is broken you can come in contact with one or more of the inner electrodes, or the electrodes could come in contact with the lamp chassis and energize it.  If the device is not equipped with a safety ground conductor that ties the chassis to the electrical system safety ground, then you could become part of the electrical path.  Other reasons are that the old lamp sockets can become brittle and may have disintegrated due to prolonged high-temperature use.  This leaves the inner electrical parts exposed so you might come in contact with them.

Borderlight Strip with 4 two-conductor Asbestos Insulated Cables

Occasionally you may encounter a lighting instrument that was manufactured just before the use of Asbestos cables was discontinued.  Some of these have tri-color dyed insulation: Green, White, and Black.

 

Fresnel with Tri-color Asbestos Insulation

As you can see in these pictures, it was common practice to clamp-down directly on the asbestos insulation of the cables, so the bending and twisting at the point where the strain relief is applied can cause the insulation to become worn and abraded, which in-turn, can bring the inner conductor in contact with the equipment chassis.

When handling asbestos jacketed cables, always wear latex / nitril gloves, clean-off the loose particles with a damp cloth, and dispose of the contaminated rag in a safe manner.  Equipment like this should be retired from service.  If they are to be kept for historical reference and teaching, store them jumbo plastic bags so that the dust particles do not continue to contaminate the surrounding areas.  Preserving the past does not mean contaminating the future!

EPA Seeks Comments on Environmental Health in Schools

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has released for public comment the K-12 School Environmental Health Program Guidelines for States, Tribes and Territories.

In December 2007, Congress enacted the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA). Subtitle E, Section 504 of EISA requires the EPA, in consultation with the Department of Education, the Department of Health and Human Services and other relevant federal agencies, to develop voluntary guidelines to assist states in establishing and implementing environmental health programs in K-12 schools.

Exposure to environmental hazards in schools can negatively impact the health of students and school staff. Unhealthy school environments can affect attendance, concentration and performance. In carrying out this statutory mandate, EPA, with assistance from its federal partners and feedback from stakeholders, developed these draft voluntary State K-12 School Environmental Health Program Guidelines. The guidelines are primarily intended to be used as a resource for the establishment of a state, tribal, or territorial K-12 school environmental health program.

Your feedback will help in the development of useful guidelines to states, tribes, and territories that will better support healthy school environments for our nation's children. We encourage you to review the draft guidelines and provide comments by April 13, 2012. Please visit the EPA's Office of Children's Health Protection School's website at www.epa.gov/schools to post your comments.

The EPA is also happy to announce the release of a Request for Applications (RFA) which will provide funding for implementation of the draft voluntary guidelines. Eligibility for funding under this competitive solicitation is limited to states, tribes and territories. Total funding available is expected to be $750,000 and applications for up to $150,000 will be accepted. The closing date for receipt of applications is April 10, 2012. For more information, including a copy of the RFA, go to: www.epa.gov/schools.

Commentary:  Scene Shops, Costume Shops, and Paint / Chemical Storage Areas are not the only hazardous spaces in the theatre plants.  Hazards can be physical, electrical, and thermal, too, and may be affected by these guidelines.  Most importantly, the key directive in this document focus on Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) which is directly related to asbestos (think: Fire Curtains), (saw) dust, mold, mildew, poor ventilation (think: rotting drapes and carpets), and sanitation.  Old florescent lights may have ballasts with PCB's in them, too, so this may be an opportunity to get them upgraded to energy-efficient, color-correct LED lights.  Shops, clean-up areas, restrooms, orchestra pits, trap rooms / basements, and storage rooms all are susceptible to poor IAQ conditions, so making sure that your performing arts venues are included in environmental studies and corrective planning can help you to get your facilities up-to-date and keep your students healthy.